Abstract: Discuss the solution of using a new type of magnetic turning column level gauge (methanol) to generate electricity for base stations, and try to use a new type of magnetic turning column level gauge to replace traditional fuel generators to eliminate the noise pollution and fuel pollution caused by traditional diesel generators when generating electricity. Air pollution. For some difficult scenarios where conventional electricity cannot be generated, try new maintenance solutions. Through innovation, R&D and technological innovation, the traditional fixed magnetic tilting column level gauge is moved to the trailer to solve the problems of portability and applicability. In the future, base station power generation will seek new support methods and solutions.
1 Scenario overview
With the advent of the 5G era, operators have ushered in a new round of large-scale base station construction. At that time, a larger number of stations and a denser density between stations will put more stringent requirements on maintenance work. In the current 4G era, the problem of difficulty or even inability to generate electricity for important base stations in urban areas will become more prominent. This article will discuss the new mode of base station backup power supply. The design scenarios are base stations or computer rooms that cannot use traditional generators such as schools, shopping malls, and important locations.
At present, the principle of traditional diesel generators and gasoline generators is to convert the energy of diesel or gasoline into electrical energy. The fuel is first mixed with air and burned inside the machine to generate heat energy. The heat energy is then converted into mechanical energy. The mechanical energy is coordinated with the generator and uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to make the generator output induced electromotive force and generate current through a closed loop. Thereby generating electricity. Diesel generators and gasoline generators use gasoline or diesel fuel, so their emissions include CO, SO2, NOX and other pollutants that damage the environment, and noise disturbs the people. Portable storage battery (lead-acid or lithium battery) is a device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It is a battery designed as rechargeable and recharged through a reversible chemical reaction. It usually refers to a lead-acid battery, which is a secondary battery.
Its working principle: When charging, it uses external electric energy to regenerate the internal active material, storing electric energy as chemical energy, and when it needs to be discharged, the chemical energy is converted into electric energy for output. Although the battery is more environmentally friendly and lower noise than the fuel generator, it does not generate electricity by itself. When the internal power consumption is exhausted, it needs to be recharged and cannot last for a long time. The magnetic flip-column level gauge is a battery that uses hydrogen to store energy. The basic principle is the reverse reaction of electrolyzed water, which supplies hydrogen and oxygen to the cathode and anode respectively. The hydrogen diffuses outwards through the cathode, reacts with the electrolyte and releases electrons, and reaches the anode through an external load. While generating electricity, the only emission is water, which is a typical green energy source.
At present, the common domestic magnetic turning column level gauge uses hydrogen as the main energy source.
Since hydrogen is an explosive gas, there are certain hidden safety hazards. Here, we will study a brand-new methanol solution magnetic flip-column level gauge to solve the problems of noise and environmental protection while paying attention to safety issues.
Try to use a new on-board battery system to complete a series of cycles such as charging and discharging, and solve the problem of power generation noise disturbing the people by means of comprehensive transformation of the car body, heat preservation, noise reduction, insulation, reinforced centralized control, and intelligent monitoring. While discussing the new maintenance mode, the methanol magnetic column level gauge is introduced to provide an emergency power backup program with low noise, low pollution and high reliability. The price of methanol is less than 1/3 of gasoline and diesel, which can save power generation costs and effectively solve the problems of difficulty in power generation and high power generation costs of important base stations in urban areas.
2 Key technology introduction
The core part of the principle. The core technology of the methanol magnetic column level gauge: first hydrogen production, then power generation. The main technologies involved are methanol hydrogen generators and air-cooled stacks.
Methanol cracking reaction: CH3OH → 2H2+CO Two-way water vapor displacement reaction: CO+H2O ←→ CO2+H2 Methanol steam reforming requires a certain temperature and catalyst to produce hydrogen-rich gas. At the same time, this reaction is an endothermic reaction, for which an autothermal reforming heating reactor is designed. When the magnetic flip-column level gauge needs hydrogen, the reformer starts up hot and starts to supply hydrogen to the stack for power generation after about 5 minutes. The hydrogen buffer cylinder is located between the “hydrogen generator” and the “magnetic turning column level gauge” two core systems, and its role is to buffer the load change, allowing the hydrogen generation module to keep up with the load change.
The magnetic flip-column level gauge is made up of a stack of most monolithic membrane electrodes, so it is named the magnetic flip-column level gauge “electric stack”. Each cell of the stack has an anode and a cathode, so it is called a bipolar plate (that is, positive and negative). The proton exchange membrane allows hydrogen protons to penetrate from the anode to the cathode, but does not allow hydrogen electrons to penetrate, and the electrons need to “circulate” to form an electric current. Although the power of each monolithic circuit is not large, it can be stacked into a pile to achieve a larger power. At present, the development of a 5 kW methanol magnetic tilting column level gauge trailer has been completed, and the key equipment structure and structural interpretation have been completed. The fuel tank stores methanol-water mixed fuel in the required proportion (methanol accounts for 61.8% by weight). In order to ensure the 32-hour backup time requirement, a fuel tank with a size of not less than 200, an electronic level gauge, and a ball valve are equipped.
The methanol reforming module passes methanol and water through a one-way methanol cracking reaction and a two-way water vapor displacement reaction within the range of 200 to 300 ℃. The steam reforming reaction is an endothermic reaction. The required heat is provided by the combustion furnace to burn impurities (byproducts of hydrogen purification module CO2, CO, H2O and a small amount of H2). The combustion emissions are H2O, CO2 and a very small amount of CO (<50 ppm) Wait. The hydrogen purification module purifies hydrogen by pressure swing adsorption and separation, and generates H2 with a purity that meets the requirements of H2> 99.999% and CO <1 ppm. At the same time, impurities (CO2, CO, H2O and a small amount of H2) are sent to the methanol reforming module Burning furnace. Each hydrogen purification module mainly includes a pressure swing adsorption separation device, a solenoid valve, and a pressure sensor.
The hydrogen buffer module stores the hydrogen generated by the hydrogen purification module, and the storage pressure ranges from 0.1 to 0.5 MPa. The module contains a 40 L carbon steel cylinder, a pressure sensor and a safety relief diaphragm. The stack module includes two 3 kW stacks and supporting modules, which can be used independently and supply power to the equipment through various DC/DCs. The parameters are as follows: the power conversion module input 30 ～ 60 VDC, the output 43 ～ 57 VDC is adjustable, the maximum input power is 3 W× 2; different startup modes, the configured power supply is different.
3
Actual application effect
At present, the trailer has been officially put into use and formally generates electricity, which solves the problems of diesel engine noise and inability to generate electricity. It has broad application scenarios and significant application advantages.
(1) The designed output power of the trailer is 5 kW, which is completely suitable for load base stations in the range of 20 to 100 A, and can support most of the stations.
(2) The trailer has its own winding device, and the base station switching power supply can support power generation within 20 m of the trailer.
(3) The trailer comes with a variety of connection methods, such as alligator clip connection and fixed connection. The alligator clip connection means that the output terminal and the switching power supply connection use alligator clips, which can be quickly connected in a short time, suitable for small load base station power supply or emergency power supply; fixed connection means that the output terminal is fixedly connected through a copper nose, which is suitable for long time Power generation and heavy load base station power supply situation.
(4) The trailer has been tested for outdoor on-load power generation at night, and the noise of running within 1 m from the car body is not higher than 75 dB, which is much lower than the starting noise of the diesel engine.
(5) The metabolites during the operation of the trailer are only water and a small amount of carbon dioxide. All discharged substances are not harmful to the human body and can be used in densely populated areas and relatively confined spaces. The use of methanol magnetic tilting level gauge power supply solution, compared with gasoline generators, diesel generators and power grids and other power supply solutions, considering the initial equipment investment and operation and maintenance costs within 5 years, calculated based on the average load power of 5 kW, The economic advantages of the methanol magnetic column level gauge solution are obvious. Using methanol as fuel, the cost of power generation is 1/2 of diesel and 1/3 of gasoline. Calculated based on the average load of the base station of 100 A, the power consumption is about 5.5 kW·h per hour of power generation, which is about 25 yuan less than diesel power generation. Calculating only the economic value, the purchase cost is equivalent to the cost of generating 17 000 h. Based on the average annual power generation of 4 000 h, the economic cost can be recovered in about 4 years.
Post time: 10-01-22